sap 2000 drawing in 3d

SAP2000 is a general purpose finite element program which performs the static ，dynamic, linear or nonlinear assay of structural systems. It is also a powerful design tool to design structures following AISC building codes and other standards.

The SAP2000 graphic user interface (GUI) is used to model, analyze, design, and display the structure geometry, properties and analysis results. The analysis procedure can be divided into three parts: a. Preprocessing; b. Solving; c. Postprocessing.

i. Preprocessing

In preprocessing, the following information is needed by SAP2000.

• Choosing the units for this projection.
• Setting up geometry.
• Defining material and fellow member section properties.
• Assigning member department properties and element releases.
• Defining load cases.
• Assigning load magnitudes.
• Assigning restraints.

 i.1 Choosing units.

From the combo (i.e. the drop down list) in the main window's status bar, choose the units for this project.

1.ii Setting upwards construction'southward geometry.

There are two ways to prepare the construction's geometry: The first is from the SAP2000's templates. The other is by creating a completely new model.When creating from a template, follow these steps:

1.2.one From File menu, cull New Model from Template… This will display the Model Template dialog box.

In this dialog box:

i) Click on the template which nearly closely resembles the structure y'all desire to analyze.  This will display the template dialog box.

2)In this dialog box, choose the appropriate parameters.

3) Click OK button.

The screen will refresh and display 3-D and 2-D views of the model in vertically tiled adjoining windows. You lot can actuate the i you lot plan to piece of work in by clicking the window'southward championship. Yous tin can any ane of the 2 windows if y'all wish.

When creating from a new model, follow these steps:

1) From the File menu, choose the New Model… This will display the window of coordinate organisation definition.

ii) In the window of coordinate system definition, enter the appropriate grid data. The cantankerous points of the filigree volition ascertain the necessary joints of your structure. This will display the three-D and 2-D view window with grid.

three) three-D and 2-D views of the model are displayed in vertically tiled adjoining windows. You tin shut the 3-D windows if you lot wish. Active the two-D view past click the x-y button in toolbox or by clicking whatsoever bespeak within the 2-D window.

4) From draw menu, cull "Draw From Element". This will change your mouse point from " " to " " in the area of ii-D view.

5) Draw your structure in the filigree based on the grid spacings divers in step 2. Click your left mouse push to define the joints. Every articulation needs i click. SAP2000 will connect the joints automatically. Double click the left mouse button to finish the action of connectedness. When you draw something wrong, click the " " within the floating toolbox situated in the lower part of your screen. Then click the members which demand to be deleted. And then from the edit menu, cull "delete". To see the modified construction, from the brandish carte, choose the show undeformed shape.

 1.three Ascertain material and structural section backdrop.

In this step, we are going to define all the material types and all section properties which are present in this construction. This requires the following steps:

1) From the ascertain menu, choose material… This will display the window of define material.

2) If your cloth is standard steel or concrete, you lot can click modify/testify cloth button and utilise the library supplied properties. Click push button OK to accept advisable properties. Otherwise click the button add new material to define a new material's properties, or the push button modify/prove fabric to change the library's data according to your material's properties.

iii) From the define menu, cull Frame sections… This will display the Frame sections dialog box.

4) In this dialog box, y'all can ascertain a new department type, import a section's geometry from the SAP2000's library, or modify a section's geometry from the default values. Suppose you have 2 rectangular sections, you need the post-obit steps to define these sections.

•  Highlight the FSEC1 in the box frame name.
• Click the modify/evidence department push button. This volition display the window of rectangular section dialog box.
• In this box, choose the respective material from the fabric combo, type in the number in the section's width and top's text box. Click ok to terminate this dialog box and return to Frame sections dialog box.
• Choose Add rectangular in the second combo box. This volition display the rectangular section dialog box.
• echo step c to define the properties of section department.
• If yous want to delete a section blazon, you lot highlight the department'southward proper name which is to be deleted, then click the push button delete sections.
• Click on the OK button to return the main window.

 1.4  Assigning member section properties.

At that place are three selection methods used by SAP2000 to assign member properties, back up restraints, loads... For clarity and convenience, these three selection methods are summoned here. The first is to click the members one past one after yous click on the arrow tool button (" ") on the floating toolbox. The 2d way is to elevate a rectangular box after you lot click on the pointer tool button on the floating toolbox. All of the objects inside this rectangular will be selected simultaneously. The 3rd way is to draw a directly line after you lot click the "Sect intersecting line select mode" button on the floating toolbox. All the objects intersecting the line you draw will exist simultaneously selected.

You need the following steps to assign fellow member department properties:

1) Select a group of members which have the aforementioned sections by ane of the 3 selection methods described above.

2) From assign menu, cull frame, then sections… from the sub-menu. This volition display the define frame sections dialog box.

three) In the name area of this dialog box, click the section respective to this selected group (eastward.g. FSECT1 or FSECT2, etc).

iv) Repeat steps a, b and c until you have assigned a section for every member of the construction.

5) Select a grouping of members which will exist assigned the same member releases.

6) From assign menu, cull frame, then release… from the su-bmenu. This volition display the frame release dialog box.

7) Choose the appropriate release parameters for the already selected members. If these members are truss members, click the check-boxes of torsion-start, moment22-kickoff, moment22-end, moment33-start and moment33-cease.

8) Repeat steps east, f and grand until you terminate to assign release properties for all the necessary members.

 1.5  Defining load cases.

Now, information technology is time to give SAP2000 the applied load's data. The steps are:

1) From Define card, choose Static load cases… This volition display the define load case dialog box.

2) This dialog box volition display the default load, LOAD1, with type set to Expressionless, and self-weight multiplier set to unity. This volition automatically include the self-weight of structural members in the analysis based on preset specific weights given in function of the material type. We don't have to modify anything for this first load example. Just if y'all wish to enter the weight by your self and put it equally joint load, or if you went to ignore the offset of the dead weight, and then you should alter the self-weight multiplier to 0 to avoid count the cocky weight twice.

3) Define additional load cases, change the LOAD1 to LOAD2 (or the case you lot divers), select load type from the Type drib-downwards list box, alter the cocky-weight multiplier to appropriate number. In most times, you change the self-weight multiplier to 0 because expressionless load already count dead load in LOAD1). Then click on the Add new Load button to notify SAP2000. Echo this stride until you define all the load cases.

iv) Finally, click OK to dorsum to primary window.

In the following department of assigning joint load cases, you must assign a numerical book and the location of each articulation loads for every load cases.

 1.half-dozen  Assigning loads.

For simplicity, we just talk about assigning joint loads. If you wish to employ a distributed load on a fellow member, you lot can refer to SAP2000 manual for detail. To assign joint loads execute the following steps:

1) Select the joints which have the same joint loads. Y'all can employ 1 of the iii selection methods used previously to select members.

ii) From the Assign card, choose Joint Static Loads, then Forces… from the submenu. This volition display the Articulation forces dialog box.

3) In this dialog box, have the default load instance proper name every bit LOAD1, enter the corresponding joint force components in the Load area. Click OK to accept the above articulation loads.

4) Repeat steps a, b and c until y'all assign all the joint loads of this load case defined to this construction.

5) Repeat steps a, b, c and d until you cease every load instance's load assignment.

 ane.7 Assigning restraints.

It is very important to assign restraints to your structure. Otherwise your construction will become unstable or information technology becomes a costless trunk and it cannot be solved past SAP2000. Applying articulation restraints requires the following steps:

1) Click the Arrow Tool push ( i.east. ) in the Floating Toolbar.

ii) Click the joints which take the same restraints.

3) From the Assign bill of fare, choose the Joint à Restraints… from the submenu. This will display the articulation restraint dialog box.

4) In this dialog box, choose appropriate restraint parameter. Then click OK to take this assignment.

5) Repeat steps a, b, c and d until you finish the restraint consignment.

2. Solving

In this office SAP2000 volition assemble and solve the global matrix. The following steps are needed:

ane） From the Analysis bill of fare, select Set Option… This will brandish the Assay Option dialog box.

2） In this dialog box, check the available DOF. If you are analyzing a airplane truss, check UX and UY, exit the UZ, RX, RY and RZ bare.

3）Click OK to accept what you choose.

4）From the analysis bill of fare, select Run. This will display the Salvage Model File Equally dialog box.

5）In this dialog box, save the model nether a filename. No extension is necessary.

6）Click the OK button, the analysis will begin. A top window is opened in which the various phases of assay procedure are progressively reported. When the assay is complete, the screen will brandish the message "Assay Consummate".

7）Click OK button in the top window to shut information technology.

3. Postprocessing

The main options in postprocessing are:

• Displaying the deformed shape.
• Displaying the member forces.
• Printing the results.
• Designing the structural members and checking the safety of a pattern.
• Modifying the structure.

For simplicity, we just discuss the 3 key options: displaying the deformed shape, displaying the fellow member forces and press results here.

iii.i Displaying the deformed shape.

After the analysis is complete, SAP2000 automatically displays the deformed shape of the model for the default load instance, LOAD1, in the active brandish window. Nosotros can now display the plain-featured shape for another load instance in one of the ii view windows.

1）Activate one of the 2 view windows past clicking anywhere within that window.

2）Click the display deformed shape button on the floating toolbar. This volition brandish the deformed shape dialog box.

3）In the driblet downwardly listing in the load area of this dialog box, select the load example to be displayed, so click OK button. The deformed shape will show.

three.2 Displaying the member forces.

1）From the Display menu, click the Show element forces/stresses à frames, this will display the member force diagram dialog box.

two）In this dialog box, select the component which need to display (for truss, choose Centric force) in the Component surface area, and click OK push button. The axial force diagram for the entire truss is displayed. By moving cursor to a specific location, we can read the values of the force at that point.

three.three Printing the results.

i）From File menu, select Print Output Table… In the display dialog box, click OK to have the default setting. The detailed output results volition exist printed.

2）From File menu, select Impress Input Table… In the brandish dialog box, click OK to accept the default setting. The detailed input information will be printed.

You can also get the detailed results in some other manner. When we analyze a structure, by default, SAP2000 will create three output files: filename.out, filename.log and filename.EKO. The output file filename.out stores the output of your analysis. The output file filename.EKO stores the input information for this construction. The output file filename.log take all of the running information. These files are text files. You tin print these files using reckoner operating system. For example, we can print these files from Notepad. The steps are:

one） Open Notepad by double click the Notepad icon on the main window.

2）From File carte du jour, choose Open up. This will display a standard Microsoft file option dialog box.

three）In this dialog box, choose the drive and subdirectory where your file is located.

4）Click on the file proper noun you want to display and print. (i. e. whatever i of filename.out, filename.EKO, or filename.log.)

5）Click OK to end this dialog box. Your file will display by Notepad.

6）Review the file to make sure your results are correct.

7）From File menu, choose print… This volition display the print dialog box.

eight）Click OK to accept the default print setting. Your file will impress on background.

9）Repeat steps b, c, d, e, f, yard and h to impress another file.

x）Shut Notepad by choosing Go out from the File menu.

4. Structural Analysis Example using SAP 2000

Problem :Truss Frame

Steel Frame: E=29000ksi, Poissons Ratio=0.iii; All steel members are L4X4 angles, Fy=36ksi . Base is pinned.

Diaphragms: Physical diaphragms are viii" thick with a unit of measurement weight of 150 pcf ; Model every bit rigid diaphragm at Levels A and B; Boosted expressionless load at each diaphragm is 50 psf; Live load at each diaphragm is 100 psf.

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Source: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/structural-analysis-building-using-sap-2000-peter-tao

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